|
Planetary-exploration
|
|---|
|
|
Planetary-exploration
|
|---|
Below are checklists of Planetary-exploration satellites, including launch dates and images of the satellites. This is a work in progress, and completeness is our goal. If readers know of additional information or images, please contact the authors using the e-mail addresses at the bottom of this page.
|
|
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
(non-planetary: Pioneer-0 — Pioneer-E) | reference | (Earlier) Pioneer (non-planetary) | (Earlier) Pioneer (non-planetary) | |
| Pioneer-10 (Pioneer-F) (Pioneer-Jupiter-1) | 1972-03-03 |
Pioneer-10 Pioneer-10 Pioneer-10 Pioneer-10 Pioneer-10/11 type (mockup) Pioneer-10/11 type (patch) | (Later) Pioneer (planetary) | (Later) Pioneer (planetary) |
| Pioneer-11 (Pioneer-G) (Pioneer-Jupiter-2) | 1973-04-06 |
Pioneer-11 Pioneer-10/11 type (patch) | ||
| Pioneer-12 (Pioneer-Venus-1 / Orbiter) | 1978-05-20 |
Pioneer-12 Pioneer-12 | ||
| Pioneer-13 (Pioneer-Venus-2 / Multi-probe) | 1978-08-08 |
Pioneer-13 Pioneer-13 | ||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Mariner-1 [failed] | 1962-07-22 | Mariner-2 | Mariner | Mariner |
| Mariner-2 (Venus flyby) | 1962-08-27 | |||
| Mariner-3 (Mars probe) [failed] | 1964-11-05 |
Mariner-4 Mariner-4 Mariner-4 (patch, Mariner-1/2 type depicted) | ||
| Mariner-4 (Mars probe) | 1964-11-28 | |||
| Mariner-5 (Venus flyby) | 1967-06-14 |
Mariner-5 Mariner-5 (newspaper article) | ||
| Mariner-6 (Mariner-F) (Mars flyby) | 1969-02-24 |
Mariner-6/7 type Mariner-6/7 type Mariner-7 (newspaper article) | ||
| Mariner-7 (Mariner-G) (Mars flyby) | 1969-03-27 | |||
| Mariner-8 (Mariner-H) [failed] | 1971-05-09 |
Mariner-8 (newspaper article) Mariner-8 (newspaper article) | ||
| Mariner-9 (Mariner-I) (Mars orbiter) | 1971-05-30 |
Mariner-9 Mariner-9 | ||
| Mariner-10 (Mariner-J) (Venus and Mercury flybys) | 1973-11-03 |
Mariner-10 Mariner-10 (newspaper article) | ||
| Satellite (Spacecraft Bus*) | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Mars-(1a) (1M #1) [failed] | 1960-10-10 | Mars-1m | Mars | Mars |
| Mars-(1b) (1M #2) [failed] | 1960-10-14 | |||
| Mars-(1c) (2MV-4 #1) / Sputnik-22 [failed] | 1962-10-24 | Mars-1 | ||
| Mars-1 (2MV-4 #2) / Sputnik-23 (Mars flyby) | 1962-11-01 | |||
| Mars-(2a) (2MV-3 #1) / Sputnik-24 [failed] | 1962-11-04 | |||
| Mars-(2b) (M-69 #1) [failed] | 1969-03-27 | Mars-69 | ||
| Mars-(2c) (M-69 #2) [failed] | 1969-04-02 | |||
| Mars-(2d) (M-71 #1) / Kosmos-419 [failed] | 1971-05-10 |
Mars-3 Mars-3 Mars-3 (lander) | ||
| Mars-2 (M-71 #2) | 1971-05-19 | |||
| Mars-3 (M-71 #3) | 1971-05-28 | |||
| Mars-4 (M-73 Orbiter #1) | 1973-07-21 | Mars-4 | ||
| Mars-5 (M-73 Orbiter #2) | 1973-07-25 | |||
| Mars-6 (M-73 Lander #1) | 1973-08-05 | Mars-6 | ||
| Mars-7 (M-73 Lander #2) | 1973-08-09 | |||
| Mars-'94 | Canceled | |||
| Mars-8 (Mars-'96) | 1996-11-16 |
Mars-8 (orbiter) Mars-8 (lander) | ||
*Spacecraft Bus designations and reference images were obtained from Gunter's Space Page.
| Satellite (Spacecraft Bus*) | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Venera-(1a) (1VA #1) / Sputnik-7 [partial failure] | 1961-02-04 |
Venera-1 Venera-1 | Venera | Venera |
| Venera-1 (1VA #2) / Sputnik-8 | 1961-02-12 | |||
| Venera-(2a) (2MV-1 #1) / Sputnik-19 [failed] | 1962-08-25 | Venera-2mv-1 | ||
| Venera-(2b) (2MV-1 #2) / Sputnik-20 [failed] | 1962-09-01 | |||
| Venera-(2c) (2MV-2 #1) / Sputnik-21 [failed] | 1962-09-12 | |||
| Venera-(2d) (3MV1 #1) / Kosmos-27 [failed] | 1964-03-27 |
Zond-1 Kosmos-27 (3mv-1) | ||
| Venera-2 (3MV-4 #3) | 1965-11-12 |
Zond-3 Kosmos-96 (3mv-4) | ||
| Venera-(4a) (3MV-4 #4) / Kosmos-96 [failed] | 1965-11-23 | |||
| Venera-3 (3MV-3 #1) | 1965-11-16 |
Venera-3 Venera-3 | ||
| Venera-4 (V-67 #1) | 1967-06-12 |
Venera-4 Venera-4 (capsule) | ||
| Venera-(5a) (V-67 #2) / Kosmos-167 [failed] | 1967-06-17 | |||
| Venera-5 (V-69 #1) | 1969-01-05 |
Venera-5/6 type Venera-5/6 type Venera-6 | ||
| Venera-6 (V-69 #2) | 1969-01-10 | |||
| Venera-7 (V-70 #1) | 1970-08-17 |
Venera-7 Venera-7 (capsule) Venera-7 (capsule) | ||
| Venera-(8a) (v-70 #2) / Kosmos-359 [failed] | 1970-08-22 | |||
| Venera-8 (V-72 #1) | 1972-03-27 | Venera-8 | ||
| Venera-(9a) (V-72 #2) / Kosmos-482 [failed] | 1972-03-31 | |||
| Venera-9 (4V1 #1) | 1975-06-08 |
Venera-9 (lander) Venera-10 Venera-11/12 type (lander and orbiter) | ||
| Venera-10 (4V1 #2) | 1975-06-14 | |||
| Venera-11 (4V1 #3) | 1978-09-09 | |||
| Venera-12 (4V1 #4) | 1978-09-14 | |||
| Venera-13 (4V1M #1) | 1981-10-30 | Venera-13 (lander) | ||
| Venera-14 (4V1M #2) | 1981-11-04 | |||
| Venera-15 (4V2 #1) | 1983-06-02 |
Venera-15/16 type Venera-16 | ||
| Venera-16 (4V2 #2) | 1983-06-07 | |||
*Spacecraft Bus designations and reference images were obtained from Gunter's Space Page.
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Phobos-1 (Martian moon orbiter) | 1988-07-07 | Phobos-1 | Phobos | Phobos |
| Phobos-2 | 1988-07-12 | Phobos-2 | ||
| Phobos-Grunt [incomplete mission] | 2011-11-09 |
Phobos-Grunt Phobos-Grunt | ||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
(cometary: MS-T5 — Planet-A) | (Earlier) Planet (cometary) | (Earlier) Planet (cometary) | ||
| Planet-B / Nozomi (Mars orbiter) | 1998-07-03 | Planet-B | (Later) Planet (planetary) | (Later) Planet (planetary) |
| Planet-C / VCO / Akatsuki (Venus) | 2010-05-20 | Planet-C | ||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Viking-DS [failed] | 1974-02-11 | Viking-DS | Viking | Viking |
| Viking-1 (Viking-A, Mars orbiter and lander) | 1975-08-20 |
Viking orbiter Viking lander Viking (patch) Viking (patch) | ||
| Viking-2 (Viking-B, Mars orbiter and lander) | 1975-09-09 | |||
| Viking-3 (Viking-C, Mars rover) | Canceled | Viking-3 (rover) | ||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Voyager-2 (Voyager-B) (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune flybys) | 1977-08-20 |
Voyager Voyager Voyager (sketch) Voyager (mockup) Voyager (patch) Voyager (patch) | Voyager | Voyager |
| Voyager-1 (Voyager-A) (Jupiter and Saturn flybys) | 1977-09-05 | |||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Mars Pathfinder / Sojourner (rover) / Discovery-1 | 1996-12-04 |
Mars Pathfinder (cruise) Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner (patch) Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner (patch) | Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner | Mars Pathfinder/Sojourner |
| MER-2 (Mars Exploration Rover-A) / Spirit (rover) | 2003-06-10 |
MER-A (cruise) MER-A lander/rover MER/Spirit (patch) MER/Opportunity (patch) | MER-A/Spirit | MER/Spirit and Opportunity |
| MER-1 (Mars Exploration Rover-B) / Opportunity (rover) | 2003-07-08 | MER-B/Opportunity | ||
| MSL (Mars Science Laboratory) / Curiosity (rover) | 2011-11-26 |
MSL (cruise) MSL/Curiosity MSL/Curiosity MSL/Curiosity (patch) MSL/Curiosity (patch) MSL/Curiosity (patch) | MSL/Curiosity | MSL/Curiosity |
| Mars-2020 / Perseverance (rover) | 2020-07-30 |
Mars-2020/Perseverance Mars-2020 (logo) | Mars-2020/Perseverance | Mars-2020/Perseverance |
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| ExoMars 2016 (TGO and EDM/Schiaparelli) | 2016-03-14 |
ExoMars-TGO ExoMars-EDM | ExoMars | ExoMars |
| ExoMars (rover) | 2028 |
ExoMars ExoMars (rover) ExoMars (orbiter and rover) | ||
| Satellite | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | ||
| Magellan (Venus orbiter) [STS-30R/Atlantis-deployed] | 1989-05-04 |
Magellan Magellan Magellan Magellan (patch) Magellan (patch) | Magellan | Magellan |
| Galileo (Jupiter orbiter) [STS-34/Atlantis-deployed] | 1989-10-18 |
Galileo Galileo Galileo Galileo Galileo (STS-34/Atlantis-deployment, booster attached) Galileo (probe) Galileo (patch) Galileo (patch) Galileo (patch) Galileo (patch, with STS-34/Atlantis) | Galileo | Galileo |
| Mars Observer (orbiter) | 1992-09-25 |
Mars Observer Mars Observer Mars Observer Mars Observer (patch) | Mars Observer | Mars Observer |
| Marsnet | Canceled | Marsnet | ||
| Mars Telecommunications Orbiter | Canceled | Mars Telecommunications Orbiter | ||
| MGS (Mars Global Surveyor) | 1996-11-07 |
MGS MGS (patch) MGS (patch) MGS (patch) | MGS | MGS |
| Mariner Mark II (Cassini-Huygens forerunner) | Canceled | Mariner Mark II | ||
| Cassini-Huygens (Saturn) | 1997-10-15 |
Cassini-Huygens Cassini-Huygens (patch) Cassini (patch) Cassini-CIRS (patch) Huygens (patch) | Cassini-Huygens | Cassini-Huygens |
| Mars Surveyor 1998 Orbiter (MCO forerunner) | Canceled | Mars Surveyor 1998 (patch) | Mars Surveyor 1998 Orbiter | |
| Mars Surveyor 1998 Lander (MPL forerunner) | Canceled | Mars Surveyor 1998 (patch) | Mars Surveyor 1998 Lander | |
| MCO (Mars Climate Orbiter) [lost]2 | 1998-12-11 | MCO | MCO | MCO |
| MPL (Mars Polar Lander) / Deep Space-21 / NMP [lost] | 1999-01-03 |
MPL DS-2 | MPL+DS-2 | MPL+DS-2 |
| Mars Surveyor 2001 Orbiter (Mars Odyssey forerunner) | Canceled | Mars Surveyor 2001 Orbiter | ||
| Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander (PML forerunner) | Canceled | Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander | ||
| Mars Odyssey (derived from Mars Surveyor 2001 Orbiter) | 2001-04-07 |
Mars Odyssey Mars Odyssey (patch) | Mars Odyssey | Mars Odyssey |
| Multi-Scout Mars Lander | Canceled | Multi-Scout Mars Lander | ||
| Mars Water | Canceled | Mars Water | ||
| MESSENGER / Discovery-8 (Mercury orbiter) | 2004-08-03 |
MESSENGER MESSENGER (patch) | MESSENGER | MESSENGER |
| MRO (Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter) | 2005-08-12 |
MRO MRO (patch) MRO (patch) MRO (patch) MRO (patch) | MRO | MRO |
| New Horizons / New Frontiers-1 / formerly Kuiper Express (Pluto flyby) | 2006-01-19 |
New Horizons New Horizons (patch) | New Horizons | New Horizons |
| PML (Phoenix Mars Lander) / Mars Scout-1 (derived from Mars Surveyor 2001 Lander) | 2007-08-04 |
PML PML (patch) | PML | PML |
| JUNO / New Frontiers-2 (Jupiter orbiter) | 2011-08-05 |
JUNO JUNO (patch) JUNO (patch) JUNO (patch) | JUNO | JUNO |
| MAVEN / Mars Scout-2 (Mars orbiter) | 2013-11-18 |
MAVEN MAVEN (patch) MAVEN (patch) | MAVEN | MAVEN |
| InSight / Discovery-12 (Mars lander), MarCO-A, MarCO-B | 2018-05-05 |
InSight (cruise) InSight (lander) MarCO-A/B (cubesats) | InSight | InSight |
| Dragonfly / New Frontiers-4 (Titan lander and helicopter) | 2026-? |
Dragonfly (cruise) Dragonfly (helicopter) | ||
| DAVINCI+ / Discovery-15 (Venus lander) | 2029-? |
DAVINCI+ (cruise) DAVINCI+ (lander) | ||
| VERITAS / Discovery-16 (Venus orbiter) | 2031-? | VERITAS | ||
1Deep Space-2 consists of a set of two probes launched with the Mars Polar Lander (MPL). However, all contact with both MPL and DS-2 was lost after landing.
2The Mars Climate Orbiter (MCO) was lost as it was occulted by Mars (went behind Mars as viewed from Earth). The root cause of the loss was found to be the use of English units for thruster performance data generated by a ground based computer program. This data was used in the construction of trajectory models for the spacecraft, and the modellers assumed the data was in metric units as per the specifications.
| Satellite | Country | Launch Date | Images | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| reference | launch covers | other postal items | |||
| Mars Sample Return (Russian Phobos-Grunt automatic probe) | Russia (USSR) | Canceled | Mars Sample Return | ||
| Mars Express (orbiter) [success] / Beagle-2 (lander) [failed] | Europe (ESA) | 2003-06-02 |
Mars Express Mars Express Mars Express Mars Express Beagle-2 Mars Express (patch) Mars Express (patch) Mars Express (patch) | Mars Express | Mars Express |
| Venus Express (orbiter) | Europe (ESA) | 2005-11-09 |
Venus Express Venus Express (patch) | Venus Express | Venus Express |
| NetLander (Mars orbiter and 4 landers) | Europe (CNES and ESA) | Canceled | NetLander | ||
| Yinghuo-1 (Mars orbiter) [incomplete mission] | China/PRC | 2011-11-09 | Yinghuo-1 |
Tianwen-1 ("Yinghuo-1" in text) Tianwen-1 ("Yinghuo-1" in text) | |
| MOM / Mangalyaan (Mars orbiter) | India (ISRO) | 2013-11-05 |
MOM MOM (patch) | Mangalyaan / MOM | Mangalyaan / MOM |
| BepiColombo (Mercury orbiter) | Europe (ESA)-Japan (JAXA) | 2018-10-20 |
BepiColombo (cruise configuration) BepiColombo-MMO BepiColombo-MPO BepiColombo (patch) | BepiColombo | BepiColombo |
| EMM / Al-Amal / Hope (Mars orbiter) | UAE | 2020-07-19 |
Al-Amal / Hope (early-design) Al-Amal / Hope (early-design) Al-Amal / Hope Al-Amal / Hope (patch) | Al-Amal / Hope | Al-Amal / Hope |
| Tianwen-1 / Huoxing-1 (Mars orbiter, lander, and rover) | China/PRC | 2020-07-23 |
Tianwen-1 Tianwen-1 (cruise) Tianwen-1 (lander) Tianwen-1 (rover) | Tianwen / Huoxing | Tianwen / Huoxing |
| JUICE (Jupiter) | Europe (ESA) | 2023-04-14 |
JUICE JUICE |
"JUICE" "JUICE" | |
| MMX (Mars mission) | Japan (ISAS/JAXA) | 2024-? | MMX | "MMX" | |
| Europa Clipper (Jupiter moon mission) | Europe (ESA) | 2024-? |
Europa Clipper Europa Clipper (patch) | ||
| Bridget (rover, tested on Earth, controlled from the ISS) | Europe (ESA) | Uncertain | Bridget |
"Bridget" (rover) "Bridget" (rover) | |
(The links below lead to information sources that are maintained by others. They are not part of this Website.)
Back to Un-manned Satellite Philately.
