OAO-1 OAO-2

Orbiting Astronomical Observatory
(OAO) series satellites

OAO-B OAO-3
OAO-1OAO-2OAO-BOAO-3

This page contains philatelic information on the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO) series satellites. Catalog numbers, years of issue, and notes on the satellites featured are given when available. If readers know of additional information or images, please contact the authors using the e-mail addresses at the bottom of this page.

Launch information
(found elsewhere)
Reference images
(found elsewhere)
Launch covers
(including anniversary-of-launch covers, and launch-related event covers)
(farther below)
Other postal items
(stamps, souvenir sheets, aerogrammes, postal cards, etc.)
(immediately below)
OAO OAO OAO OAO
OAO (on other than OAO launch covers)


Below is a list of OAO-series satellite postal items (stamps, souvenir sheets, aerogrammes, postal cards, etc.).

CountryCatalog NumberType of ItemYear of IssueNotes on Content
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO)
Benin502 (Mi256)
i502

Imperforate
1980OAO-3 / Copernicus
Benin502 dsDeluxe proof (502)
Benin502 proof1Signed proof (black)
Benin502 proof2Signed proof (green)
Benin502 proof3Signed proof (red-brown)
Benin502 proofsProgressive proofs
Bhutan151D (Mi551)Imperforate, plastic-overlay1973OAO-3 / Copernicus
Bhutan151Eg (BL59)Imperforate MS2 (151D-E), plastic-overlay, also back
Central African Republic1174a (Mi1879A)
i1174a (Mi1879B)
One of MS4 (1174 (a-d)) (Mi1879A-1882A)
One of imperforate MS4 (i1174 (a-d)) (Mi1879B-1882B)
1997"OAO-3" / "Copernic" (in text, but OAO-1 depicted)
Chad709a (Mi1511A)
i709a (Mi1511B)
One stamp and in selvedge of MS6 (709 (a-f)) (Mi1511A-1516A)
One stamp and in selvedge of imperforate MS6 (i709 (a-f)) (Mi1511B-1516B)
1997OAO-B (not "OAO-3" / "Copernicus", as in selvedge text)
Chad923 (Mi2259)2001OAO-3 / Copernicus
Chad923a (BL326A)
i923a (BL326B)
SS1 (923)
Imperforate SS1 (i923)
Chad923a fdc
i923a fdc
SS1 and (multi-color printed) cachet on FDC
Imperforate SS1 and (multi-color printed) cachet on FDC
Chad923b (BL unlisted)MS4 (4x 923)
Dominica2237c (Mi2904)One of MS6 (2237 (a-f)) (Mi2902-2907)2000OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
Dominica2237 fdcMS6 on FDC
Equatorial GuineaMi1276A
Mi1276B

Imperforate
1978OAO-1 depicted (not "Cosmos-894", as in text)
Franklin Mint (USA)None(Bronze) medallion, also reverse1970s"OAO-3"
Gambia799 (Mi819)1988"OAO-3" / Copernicus
Germany (West)NoneCinderella (poster stamp), one of MS30 cinderella~1966"OAO"-1 (launch was 1966, not 1965)
Germany (West)None(WERABA) cachet on cover1973"OAO-3" / "Copernicus"
Ghana166a (BL9)In (upper-left) margin of imperforate MS4 (4x 166)1964OAO-21
Ghana166a fdcImperforate MS4 on FDC
Italy1189 fdc (Mi1492 fdc)(Filagrano Gold cachet) cachet of FDC, also back1975OAO-2
Liberia657 (Mi900A)
i657 (Mi900B)

Imperforate
1973"Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO-3) / Copernicus
Maldive Islands488 (BL23)On stamp of SS11974OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
MaliC301 (Mi570)1977OAO-1
MaliC301 dsDeluxe sheet (C301)
MaliC301 fdcStamp and (République du Mali Postes et Télécommunications) cachet on FDC
Nigeria143a (Mi134)
i143a
In (upper-left) margin of MS12 (12x 143)
In (upper-left) margin of "imperforate"2 MS12 (12x 143)
1963OAO-21
Nigeria144a (Mi135)
i144a
In (upper-left) margin of MS12 (12x 144)
In (upper-left) margin of "imperforate"2 MS12 (12x 144)
PolandNone(Pictorial) cancel1973OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
Poland1979 (Mi2256)Stamp from MS6 (1979a (6x 1979 + 2 labels)) (BL54)1973OAO-3 / Copernicus
Poland1979 fdcStamp and (pictorial) cancel on FDC
Poland2248a (Mi2539)On (left) selvedge of MS6 (6x 2248 + 2 labels), also annotated1977OAO-3 / Copernicus
Poland2366 (Mi2660)Also detail1979OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
Poland2366 fdcStamp on FDC
Poland2369a (BL80)On one of MS5 (2365-2369 + label)
Satellite Beach FL (USA)Localset-C10 (blue)1964"OAO"-1
Satellite Beach FL (USA)Local o/pset-C10 (blue) overprinted in gold1965"OAO"-1
Sharjah42 (Mi54A)
i42 (Mi54B)

Imperforate
1964OAO-21
Sharjah42_op (Mi54A_op)
i42_op
42 overprinted new currency
i42 overprinted new currency
Sierra Leone622 (BL21)SS11984OAO-B (in a totally inappropriate situation)
SwitzerlandNone(WERABA-73) cachet on cover1973"OAO-3" / "Copernicus"
SwitzerlandNone(WERABA-73) cachet on cover (slightly different)1973"OAO-3" / "Copernicus"
Togo500 (Mi446A)
i500 (Mi446B)

Imperforate
1964OAO-1
Togo504 (Mi450A)
i504 (Mi450B)

Imperforate
Togo500-501+503 fdcOne of three stamps on FDC
Togo500-505 fdcTwo of six stamps on FDC
Togo502+504-505 fdcOne of three stamps on FDC
Togo505a (BL17)Imperforate MS4 (502-505)
Togo505a fdcImperforate MS4 on FDC
United Nations (Geneva)46 fdc (Mi46 fdc)(Space Voyage) cachet on FDC, also detail1975"OAO-3" / "Copernicus"
United StatesNoneMemento1972OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
United States1488 fdc (Mi1095 fdc)(Green rubber-stamp) cachet on FDC (IASP printed cachet)1973OAO-B (not "OAO-3" / "Copernicus", as in text)
United StatesNone(Midwest Postage Stamp and Coin Show Station) cancel on (UX65) postal card1973OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
United StatesNone(Midwest Postage Stamp and Coin Show Station) cancel on cover1973OAO-3 / "Copernicus"
United States1759 fdc
1710 cover
(Aeropex'77) cachet on FDC, also annotated1978
1977
"OAO" [#4 in annotated cachet image]
United StatesNone(GSFC multi-satellite blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover1979"OAO"
United StatesNone(Rumex / Gill Craft) cachet on cover1984OAO-1
United States3188e+j+m fdc (Mi? fdc)(CW Ray hand-painted) cachet on FDC1999OAO-B
Yemen Arab RepublicC86 (Mi1697)1982OAO-21
Yemen Arab RepublicC86 dsDeluxe sheet (C86)
Yemen Arab RepublicC86 proofChromalin-proof

1These items are noted as depicting OAO-2 satellites based on the rectangular solar panels and the hexagonal body shape.
2The "imperforate" sheets from Nigeria, i143a and i144a, are imperforate only in the surrounding margins, otherwise the stamps in both sheets are perforated on all sides.


Below is a list of OAO-series satellite launch covers (including anniversary-of-launch covers, and launch-related event covers).

CountryCancel DateCancel LocationType of ItemNotes on Content
Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO)
1966-04-08: OAO-1
United States1966-04-08Kennedy Space Center FL(Black typed) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Kennedy Space Center FL(Black typed) cachet (different text arrangement) on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Sarzin) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Patrick AFB, FL(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-1 launch (but OAO-2 depicted)
United States1966-04-08Patrick AFB, FL(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet (and signature) on cover, also insertOAO-1 launch (but OAO-2 depicted)
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-1 launch (but OAO-2 depicted)
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet (and signature) on cover, also insertOAO-1 launch (but OAO-2 depicted)
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet (and signature, different) on cover, also insertOAO-1 launch (but OAO-2 depicted)
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Astro Covers, no logo) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL (machine cancel)(Centennial) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL (hand cancel)(Centennial and black rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch (not "Explorer-31" as in rubber-stamp cachet)
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Orbit Covers, no logo) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Sokalsky orange) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Sokalsky orange, and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(HJM black and Swanson/DuBeau? purple rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08Cape Canaveral FL(Swanson/DuBeau? blue and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on (airmail) coverOAO-1 launch
United States1966-04-08
1991-10-01
Cape Canaveral FL
Pasadena CA
(Blue printed) cachet on cover (also extra Sharjah 42 stamp)OAO-1 launch
USA 2570-2571 FDC
1968-12-07: OAO-2 / Stargazer
United States1968-12-07Patrick AFB, FL (hand cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Patrick AFB, FL (machine cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Patrick AFB, FL (machine cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet (and signature) on cover, also insertOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL (hand cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL (machine cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL (machine cancel)(Centennial red Orbiting Observatories and black text) cachet on cover(early-design) OAO-21 launch (also OSO-1/6 type and OGO-1/6 type depicted)
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL (hand cancel)(Centennial red Orbiting Observatories and black text) cachet on cover(early-design) OAO-21 launch (also OSO-1/6 type and OGO-1/6 type depicted)
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL(HJM black and red typed) cachet on coverOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL(Orbit Covers) cachet on coverOAO-2 launch (but OAO-1 depicted)
United States1968-12-07Kennedy Space Center FL(Artopages) cachet on coverOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Cape Canaveral FL(Sarzin) cachet on coverOAO-2 launch
United States1968-12-07Kennedy Space Center FL(R. DuBeau magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-2 launch
1970-11-30: OAO-B / Goddard [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Orbit Covers) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Orbit Covers) cachet (and signature) on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Patrick AFB, FL(Solar Covers no.6 (assigned)) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Solar Covers no.6 (assigned)) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(Solar Covers no.6 (assigned)) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(C. Swanson/DuBeau? magenta and blue and black rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(C. Swanson/DuBeau? magenta and blue and black rubber-stamp) cachet on (airmail) coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Riser/Andromeda Cover no.21) cachet on (airmail) cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Riser/Andromeda Cover no.21) cachet (and signature) on (airmail) cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(Blue rubber-stamp and black typed) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Patrick AFB, FL(Whitney purple and cyan) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Whitney purple and cyan) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Centennial) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Centennial yellow earth) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed] (but Relay, Vanguard-2, Pioneer-3/4 type, Explorer-1, TIROS/ESSA type depicted)
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
United States1970-11-30Satellite Beach FL(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL (hand cancel)(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL (machine cancel)(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
United Statesnone (1970-11-30)none(Space Voyage) cachet on (un-stamped and un-canceled) cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(R. DuBeau blue rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(R. DuBeau blue rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(R. DuBeau magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(Carlos Altgelt) cachet on cover, also cachet detailOAO-B launch [failed]; (but tiny Intelsat-2 depicted)
United States1970-11-30Cape Canaveral FL(Centennial-like) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-11-30Kennedy Space Center FL(Blue printed, based on a Sokalsky design) cachet on coverOAO-B launch [failed]
United States1970-12-01Kennedy Space Center FL (machine cancel)(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-B launch [failed]; (also "OAO-1 and 2" in insert text)
1972-08-21: OAO-3 / Copernicus
United States1972-08-21Cape Canaveral FL(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Space Voyage) cachet on cover, also insertOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Space Voyage) cachet (and signatures) on cover, also insertOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Space Voyage) cachet (different) on cover, also insertOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Greenbelt MD(GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Greenbelt MD(GSFC Stamp Club) cachet (and signatures) on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Riser/Andromeda/Cygnus Cover no.31) cachet on (airmail) cover, also insertOAO-3 launch (but OAO-B depicted)
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Solar Covers no.43 or 44 or 45 (assumed)) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch (but OAO-B depicted)
United States1972-08-21Cape Canaveral FL(Orbit Covers) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch (but OAO-B depicted)
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Polonus Philatelic Society) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch (but OAO-B depicted)
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Red printed) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch (but OAO-B depicted)
United States1972-08-21Cape Canaveral FL(Sarzin) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Cape Canaveral FL(Whitney magenta and black) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Patrick AFB, FL(Whitney magenta and black) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Satellite Beach FL(Whitney magenta and black) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Centennial) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(R. DuBeau magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Cape Canaveral FL(Swanson/DuBeau? purple and black rubber-stamp) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21Kennedy Space Center FL(Blue mission patch) cachet on coverOAO-3 launch
United States1972-08-21
1973-04-19
Army Postal Service
Army Postal Service
(Pictorial) cancel and red text on coverOAO-3 launch
IK-9 launch
OAO (on other than OAO launch covers)
There exist a large number of Centennial Covers with generic cachets with multiple satellites depicted, including OAO-2. Details about these cachets, as well as images of the covers, are found in the Centennial Covers page.
United States1962-04-28Vandenberg AFB, CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and blue rubber-stamp) cachet on KH4-3 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-05-10Patrick AFB, FL(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on ANNA-1 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-05-15Vandenberg AFB, CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and blue rubber-stamp) cachet on KH5-5 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-05-29Vandenberg AFB, CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and blue rubber-stamp) cachet on KH4-4 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-07-10Patrick AFB, FL(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on Telstar-1 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-07-18Lompoc CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on SAMOS-9 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-08-01Vandenberg AFB, CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on KH4-10 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-08-27Patrick AFB, FL(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on Mariner-2 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-10-03USS Walker(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose) cachet on Mercury-MA-8 splashdown/recovery cover, also back(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-10-18Cape Canaveral FL(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet on Ranger-5 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1962-12-18Lompoc CA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on Transit-5A-1 launch cover, also back(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1964-04-16Wallops Island VA(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose and purple rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on (sub-orbital) rocket launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1968-03-04Cape Canaveral FL (machine cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) insert or insert variation (slightly different text arrangement) from OGO-5 launch cover, also front"OAO" and "OAO (Future)"2
United States1968-03-04Cape Canaveral FL (hand cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) insert or insert variation (slightly different text arrangement) from OGO-5 launch cover, also front
United States1968-03-04Patrick AFB, FL (hand cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) insert or insert variation (slightly different text arrangement) from OGO-5 launch cover, also front
United States1968-03-04Patrick AFB, FL (machine cancel)(SpaceCraft/Swanson) insert or insert variation (slightly different text arrangement) from OGO-5 launch cover, also front
United States1971-07-26Moon KY(SpaceCraft Type-A general-purpose) cachet on Apollo-15 launch cover(early-design) OAO-21 (upper-left)
United States1976-03-16Auburn MA(GSFC Stamp Club blue printed) cachet on 50th anniv. first liquid fuel rocket flight/launch cover"OAO"
United States1978-05-20GSFC, MD(GSFC multi-satellite blue rubber-stamp) cachet (same design as immediately above) on Pioneer-12 launch cover"OAO"
United States1978-10-24GSFC, MD(GSFC multi-satellite blue rubber-stamp) cachet (same) on Nimbus-7 and CAMEO launch cover"OAO"
United States1983-01-25Greenbelt MD(GSFC multi-satellite blue rubber-stamp) cachet (same) on IRAS and PIX-2 launch cover"OAO"

1These items are noted as depicting OAO-2 satellites based on the rectangular solar panels and the hexagonal body shape.
2"OAO (Future)" was likely meant to read "OSO (Future)" to match the design of AOSO.


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Updated: 2024-08-25