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(West German)
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| Helios | Helios (patch) |
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(West German)
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| Helios | Helios (patch) |
This page contains philatelic information on the (West German) Helios-series satellites. Catalog numbers, years of issue, and notes on the satellites featured are given when available. If readers know of additional information or images, please contact the authors using the e-mail addresses at the bottom of this page.
The West German Helios-series from the 1970s should not be confused with the French Helios-series, the first of which was launched in 1995.
| Launch information (found elsewhere) |
Launch covers (including anniversary-of-launch covers, and launch-related event covers) (farther below) |
Other postal items (stamps, souvenir sheets, aerogrammes, postal cards, etc.) (immediately below) |
|---|---|---|
| Helios (West Germany) | Helios (West Germany) | Helios (West Germany) |
| Helios (on other than Helios launch covers) |
Below is a list of (West German) Helios-series satellite postal items (stamps, souvenir sheets, aerogrammes, postal cards, etc.).
| Country | Catalog Number | Type of Item | Year of Issue | Notes on Content |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helios (West Germany) | ||||
| Benin | Unknown a (Mi none) | One of MS4 (a-d) [known illegal issue] | 2017 | "Helios-1" (also launch date) |
| Benin | Unknown ms fdc Unknown ims fdc | MS4 on FDC Imperforate MS4 on FDC | ||
| Benin | Unknown fdc | One of four stamps on FDC | ||
| Equatorial Guinea | Mi588 MiA588 | Imperforate on lavender paper | 1975 | "Helios-1" |
| French Guiana | None | (At upper-right of) (Verein für Weltraum-Philatelie e.V. München) cachet on cover | 1979 | "Helios" |
| Gabon | Unknown b (Mi none) Unknown ib | One of MS4 (a-d) [known illegal issue] One of imperforate MS4 (a-d) | 2016 | "Helios" (launch date in text) |
| Gabon | Unknown ms fdc Unknown ims fdc | MS4 on FDC Imperforate MS4 and (multi-color printed) cachet on FDC | ||
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel on cover | 1974 | "Helios" |
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel on cover (blank/no cachet) | 1974 | "Helios" |
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel (different time) and (pink and black printed) cachet on cover | 1974 | "Helios" (in cancel); "Helios-A" (in cachet) |
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel (different date/time) and (pink and black printed) cachet on cover | 1974 | "Helios" (in cancel); also "Helios-A" (in cachet) |
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel on cover (different cachet) | 1974 | "Helios" |
| Germany (West) | None | (DFVLR mission patch) cachet on (un-stamped and un-canceled) cover | ~1975 | "Helios" |
| Germany (West) | None | (Pictorial) cancel and (black printed) cachet on cover | 1979 | "Helios" |
| Grenada | 756 (Mi790) | From MS50 (756a (50x 756)) | 1976 | "Helios" |
| Grenada | 757 (Mi791) | From MS50 (757a (50x 757)) | ||
| Grenada | 758 (Mi792) | |||
| Grenada | 759 (Mi793) | |||
| Grenada | 763 (BL59) | SS1 | ||
| Paraguay | C414 (BL251) | SS1 | 1975 | Spelled "Helius" (in cancel) |
| Paraguay | C414 fdc | SS1 and (pictorial) cancel and (black printed) cachet on FDC | ||
| Romania | None | (Pictorial) cancel | 2005 | "Helios-1", "Helios-2" |
| Spain | None | (Orange and blue and black printed) cachet on cover | 1984 | "Helios" (in text only) |
| United States | None | (Black rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on (un-canceled) cover | 1975? | "Helios-B" (but Skylab depicted) |
| United States | None | (Ken Bishop) cachet on cover, also back | 1985 | Helios-A depicted (on cover front); "Helios-A" (on cover back) |
Below is a list of (West German) Helios-series satellite launch covers (including anniversary-of-launch covers, and launch-related event covers).
| Country | Cancel Date | Cancel Location | Type of Item | Notes on Content |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helios (West Germany) | ||||
| 1974-12-10: Helios-1 | ||||
| United States | 1974-12-09 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-09 | Pasadena CA | (JPL Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Australia | 1974-12-10 | Canberra ACT | (NASA Communications Network) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Wessling Oberbay | (DFVLR/GSOC) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Bad Münstereifel | (Mission patch) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Ottobrunn | (MBB) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Stuttgart | (SEL red) meter and (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Weilheim Oberbay | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 | Stuttgart | (SEL red) meter on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Spain | 1974-12-10 | Madrid | (Green printed) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Spain | 1974-12-10 | Madrid | (Green rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Spain | 1974-12-10 | Madrid | (Blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Spain | 1974-12-10 | Madrid | (Blue printed) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Spain | 1974-12-10 | Madrid | (NASA Communications Network) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Orlando FL, Kennedy Space Center Branch | (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Orlando FL, Kennedy Space Center Branch | (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (InterSpace Cover) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (SCPS ser.74/19) cachet on cover, also back | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (SCPS with logo) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (NASA/KSC black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (NASA/KSC black rubber-stamp) cachet (and signatures) on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Orlando FL, Kennedy Space Center Branch | (NASA/KSC black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Centennial) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Whitney magenta and black) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Whitney magenta and black) cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Satellite Beach FL | (Whitney magenta and black) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Satellite Beach FL | (Whitney magenta and black) cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC STDN blue rubber-stamp / GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC STDN purple rubber-stamp / GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Roma) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Orbit Covers) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Patrick AFB, FL | (blank/no) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| United States | 1974-12-10 | Agana, Guam | (Boudwin blue and black rubber-stamp and red typed) cachet on (airmail) cover, also back | Helios-1 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1974-12-10 1974-12-10 | Stuttgart (red meter) Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL red) meter and (SEL sticker) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Australia | 1974-12-11 | Moree NSW | (Parade Covers cyan and brown, and purple and magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch (TIROS depicted) |
| Australia | 1974-12-11 | Paddington NSW | (Parade Covers cyan and red, and purple and magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch (TIROS depicted) |
| Australia | 1974-12-11 | Carnarvon WA | (Parade Covers grey and green, and purple and magenta rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch (TIROS depicted) |
| Australia | 1974-12-11 | Carnarvon WA | (Carnavon Tracking Station black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 launch |
| Helios-1 (events) | ||||
| Germany (West) | 1975-01-03 | Wessling Oberbay | (Black rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on cover | (possible) Helios-1 tracking (by the GSOC) |
| Australia | 1975-03-15 | Adelaide SA | (Purple and red and green rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| Germany (West) | 1975-03-15 | Stuttgart | (SEL red) meter and (SEL red and black rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| Spain | 1975-03-15 | Madrid | (Green printed) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| Spain | 1975-03-15 | Madrid | (Blue printed and black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet (and signature) on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (NASA/KSC black rubber-stamp) cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-15 1975-03-19 | Barstow CA (red meter) Barstow CA (black cancel) | (Goldstone black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-16 1975-03-17 | Barstow CA (red meter) Barstow CA (black cancel) | (Goldstone black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1975-03-17 | Orlando FL, Kennedy Space Center Branch | (Mission patch) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| Australia | 1975-04-22 | Canberra City ACT | (Honeysuckle Creek purple and red rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 tracking |
| Germany (West) | 1975-04-25 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 tracking |
| Germany (West) | 1975-05-16 | Weilheim Oberbay | (DFVLR/GSOC purple rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 tracking by Zentrale-Deutsche Bodenstation (ZDBS) |
| United States | 1975-09-21 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1976-03-29 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-01 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1976-10-05 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1977-04-13 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage, no logo) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1977-10-21 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage, no logo) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1978-04-29 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1978-11-05 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1980-12-05 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1981-06-13 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1981-12-20 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1982-06-28 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1983-07-13 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1984-07-27 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1985-02-02 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1986-03-14 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-1 perihelion1: "Helios program ends" |
| Helios-1 (anniversaries) | ||||
| United States | 2019-12-10 | Monument Beach MA | (Coverscape) cachet on cover | 45th anniv. Helios-1 launch |
| Helios-2 (pre-launch events) | ||||
| United States | 1975-10-07 1991-10-01 | Cape Canaveral FL Pasadena CA | (SEL) cachet on cover | "Helios-B ... arrival" (at Cape Canaveral) 2570 fdc |
| 1976-01-15: Helios-2 | ||||
| United States | 1976-01-14 | Pasadena CA | (JPL Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-14 | Pasadena CA | (Mission patch) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 | Weilheim | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 | Wessling-Oberbay | (DFVLR blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 | Stuttgart (red meter) | (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Space Voyage blue and red) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage blue and orange) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage blue and orange) cachet (slightly different) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 (year inverted) | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 (year inverted) | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC Stamp Club) cachet (and signatures) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 (year inverted) | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC STDN blue rubber-stamp / GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover, also back | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 (year inverted) | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC STDN blue rubber-stamp / GSFC Stamp Club) cachet (slightly different) on cover, also back | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (SCPS) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (BMFT/DFVLR/NASA) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Mission patch) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Orbit Covers) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Black typed and black and green rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Blue and red rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Whitney blue and black) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Patrick AFB, FL (hand cancel) | (Whitney blue and black) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Patrick AFB, FL (machine cancel) | (Whitney blue and black) cachet (and signatures) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Centennial) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Centennial) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Havekotte blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Orlando FL, Kennedy Space Center Branch | (Havekotte blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Kennedy Space Center FL | (Hand-printed) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Barstow CA | (Goldstone red) meter and (Goldstone black rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Barstow CA | (Goldstone red) meter and (Goldstone black rubber-stamp) cachet (and signature, different) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | USPS | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | USPS | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet on (airmail) cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15? | no cancel | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | USPS | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet (different) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | USPS | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet (different) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15 | Patrick AFB, FL | (Jolly Green Giant Launch Support and Surveillance) cachet (different) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15? | no cancel | (USNS Vanguard black rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| United States | 1976-01-15? | no cancel | (USNS Vanguard black rubber-stamp) cachet (different, and signature) on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Stuttgart (red meter) Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL red) meter and (SEL blue rubber-stamp)3 cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Ottobrun (red meter) Ottobrun (black cancel) | (MBB/mission patch, red and yellow and blue) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Ottobrun (red meter) Ottobrun (black cancel) | (blank/no) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Stuttgart (red meter) Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL red) meter and (SEL sticker) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Stuttgart (red meter) Stuttgart (black cancel) | (SEL red) meter and (SEL sticker) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Germany (West) | 1976-01-15 1976-01-15 | Ottobrun (red meter) Ottobrun (black cancel) | (MBB/mission patch, pink and yellow and blue) cachet on cover | Helios-2 launch |
| Helios-2 (events) | ||||
| United States | 1976-01-17 | Agana, Guam | (NASA Communications Network) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking |
| Germany (West) | 1976-03-15 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking |
| Germany (West) | 1976-03-29 1976-03-29 | Köln (red meter) Köln (black cancel) | (DFVLR purple rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking |
| Germany (West) | 1976-03-30 | Weilheim-Oberbay | (DFVLR/GSOC black and blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking, as it approaches its first perihelion1,2 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-01 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking |
| United States | 1976-04-16 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | First Helios-2 perihelion1,2 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-17 | Weilheim Oberbay | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | First Helios-2 perihelion1,2 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-17 | Wessling Oberbay | (DFVLR blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | First Helios-2 perihelion1,2 |
| United States | 1976-04-17 | Greenbelt MD | (GSFC STDN blue rubber-stamp / GSFC Stamp Club) cachet on cover | First Helios-2 perihelion1,2 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-17 1976-04-17 | Köln (red meter) Bonn - Bad Godesberg (black cancel) | (DFVLR purple rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | First Helios-2 perihelion1,2 |
| Germany (West) | 1976-04-21 | Bad Münstereifel | (DFVLR/GSOC blue rubber-stamp) cachet on cover | Helios-2 tracking, four days after its first perihelion |
| Germany (West) | 1976-10-19 | Stuttgart | (SEL red) meter and (SEL blue rubber-stamp and black typed)3 cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1977-04-23 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1978-04-29 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1978-11-01 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1979-05-08 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1979-11-07 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1980-05-12 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1 |
| United States | 1980-11-14 | Pasadena CA | (Space Voyage) cachet on cover | Helios-2 perihelion1, and "final Helios-2 information due to shutdown" |
| Helios (on other than Helios launch covers) | ||||
| Australia | 1975-03-18 | Woomera SA | (Blue and brown printed) cachet on (sub-orbital) rocket launch cover | "Helios-A" (in text only) |
| United States | 1978-08-08 | Cape Canaveral FL | (Purple and blue rubber-stamp) cachet on Pioneer-13 launch cover | Helios |
| United States | 2020-01-29 | GSFC, Greenbelt MD | (Red Eagle) cachet on PSP event cover | Helios-2" |
| United States | 2020-01-29 | Pasadena CA | (Red Eagle) cachet on PSP event cover | |
1Perihelion: The point in the satellite's orbit when it is nearest to the Sun, which in the case of Helios satellites occurs semi-annually.
2The first Helios-2 perihelion on 17 April 1976, at a distance of 0.29 AU (43.432 million km) from the Sun, was the closest flyby of the Sun of any spacecraft until the Parker Solar Probe flew closer in October 2018. See https://earthsky.org/space/parker-solar-probe-1st-image-from-inside-suns-atmosphere.
3The rubber-stamp device that was used to create this cachet is shown here and here.
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